Kidney diet canine
There are far better options available that are healthier and not as expensive. One problem, however, is that a sample may be difficult to obtain without waiting a couple of hours since cats with cystitis urinate frequently and often do not have enough urine in their bladder to get a good sample. Cats have no dietary need for carbohydrates and, more worrisome is the fact that a diet that is high in carbohydrates can be detrimental to their health as explained below. This is a crucial point when one considers how common kidney and bladder problems are in the cat. Cats have a physiological decrease in the ability to utilize carbohydrates due to the lack of specific enzymatic pathways that are present in other mammals, and they lack a salivary enzyme called amylase. Please keep in mind that when your cat starts eating a more appropriately hydrated diet of canned food, his urine output will increase which is a very good thing for bladder health. Important: I often see too much clinical significance placed on the identification of crystals in the urine without regard to how the urine sample was handled. Plus, the labels never list the carbohydrate amount which is very frustrating because we are trying to stay under 10% carbohydrate calories. Please note that not all canned foods are suitably low in carbohydrates. This is often sprayed over the kibble to make it appealing to your dog. When this happens, the abuse of antibiotics continues. No matter the breed, the cat is still an obligate carnivore. These companies make it very easy for us. A lifetime of commercial, dry pet food is the reason dogs are sick today. Buprenex is superior to Torbugesic which has been used for pain management in the cat in the past. The importance of animal proteins, versus plant proteins. Some of the cheaper dry foods contain even higher levels. In addition, they are simply not necessary and do not optimally address the problems they claim to treat. Royal Canin was one of the first companies to come out with these breed specific diets as a marketing gimmick. The first four columns show the caloric distribution which is the best way to analyze food. Also keep in mind that dry foods are not refrigerated and they sit in warm warehouses, on pet store shelves, and in your cupboards for weeks or months before your pets consume them. For more details regarding pet food ingredient labels, see Commercial Foods. Crystals in cat urine are as normal as the leaves that fall on your driveway. Of course, the same deterioration can occur in any cat that is not consuming enough protein, but the level of protein in these diets is not only at an extremely low level, it is in an incomplete form for a carnivore. Cats did not stop being obligate carnivores just because we put a roof over their heads. These diets are often very high in carbohydrates and, of course, all of the dry versions are water-depleted. In other words, they are not the result of an infection and the patient should not be placed on antibiotics. The average dry food contains 35-50 percent carbohydrate calories. In addition, dry food is very heavily processed which includes being subjected to high temperatures for a long time resulting in alteration and destruction of nutrients. On a good note, most cats will have their clinical signs spontaneously resolve even without any treatment. Pour the water into covered ice cube trays. Also, these acidifying diets often end up promoting calcium oxylate stone formation and can also lead to hypokalemia (low potassium in the blood) which can cause or exacerbate kidney disease. It must be kept in mind that even with a low USG, most cases of cystitis are not due to an infection. There are two basic ways to meet our nutrient needs. However, please understand that there are no studies showing that restricting protein to this level will prevent further deterioration of kidney function. If you want the best chances for avoiding food borne pathogens, feed home made raw diets (BARF or prey model) from food fit for human consumption. For the past 11 years, I have spent a few hours in the kitchen 4-6 times a year making food for my cats which is a very small price to pay for the control that I have over what goes into their food bowls. Water is an extremely important nutrient that contributes to overall health in every living creature. Also note that synthetic taurine is manufactured from a chemical reaction and all taurine (at least that I know of) comes out of China. Please see Feline Urinary Tract Health for a more detailed discussion. Plant-based proteins do not contain the full complement (puzzle pieces) of the critical amino acids required by an obligate carnivore. It allows the grain fractions to be broken up into smaller components which places them lower on the list since ingredients are listed by weight. Too often these cats are treated with a high level of steroids and a prescription grain-laden dry food diet. Cystitis can lead to inappropriate urination (urinating outside of the litter box) and stones can cause a fatal rupture of the bladder by blocking the outflow of urine. When a cat is on a diet of water-depleted dry food, they produce a more highly. Cystitis will often recur in these patients and this painful health problem can be very frustrating to deal with. This means that pet food labels are seriously lacking in usable information when compared to a package of food for a human. It is very important to understand the impact that a low carbohydrate diet has on the insulin needs of a diabetic cat. For instance, if you do not see high carbohydrate ingredients such as grains, potatoes, peas, etc. However, contrary to what is often believed by both the veterinarian and the client. BHA, BHT, and ethoxyquin are extremely questionable in terms of safety. This is not a painful procedure for the cat and this method is the only way to obtain a sample for accurate information in order to properly treat with antibiotics. This is an extremely illogical and unhealthy practice and every attempt should be made to get these cats on a diet that contains a higher moisture content. Before you get too confused and frustrated when reading this section, I will say at the outset. Also, this is a very good example of the ingredient splitting. To repeat, crystals are not necessarily an abnormal finding in cat urine. Brewers rice, chicken by-product meal, corn gluten meal, pork fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric acid),chicken liver flavor, taurine, preserved with BHT and BHA. This is why it is important to not just consider the list of ingredients but to also look at the Cat Food Composition chart, or call the company for the information. There is a very strong and extremely logical connection between the way that we are currently feeding our obligate carnivores and many of the life-threatening diseases that afflict them. Cats are obligate (strict) carnivores and are very different from dogs in their nutritional needs. Photo Credit: Brendan Bell As you might have read in our article on canine liver disease, the liver has the ability to regenerate itself. The death count for innocent pets that consumed pet food or treats from China is considerable already. Taurine is one of the most important nutrients present in meat but it is missing from plants. They will then claim that these missing elements are added to their diets to make it complete and balanced to sustain life in an obligate carnivore. It is important to note that most of these diets do not have robust clinical feeding studies supporting their safety for long-term feeding or even for use in treating the various diseases they target. By-products are always a controversial subject but it makes much more sense to feed animal-based by-products to a cat than it does to feed grains or potatoes. Taurine deficiency will cause blindness and heart problems in cats. It has been cooked at very high temperatures for a long period of time. I feel very strongly that this common therapeutic regimen dismisses the very significant role that a proper diet plays in our IBD patients. At first glance, it might appear that the dry food has a higher amount of protein than the canned food—but this is not true on a dry matter basis which considers the food minus the water. Okay, we went on a bit of a rant to explain why commercial pet foods and veterinary prescribed commercial diets for liver disease are no good. The protein in dry food, therefore, earns a lower biological value score. However, if these high carbohydrate ingredients are listed, you have no idea of the amount in the food and, therefore, no knowledge of the carbohydrate level. Humans and dogs can take the pieces of the puzzle in the plant protein and, from those, make the missing pieces. Because of this increase in urine production, litter boxes need to be scooped more frequently or more boxes need to be added to the home. Stay away from food with gravy and sauces because they usually use high carbohydrate thickeners. A very important note on antibiotic usage in these cases. If you are tempted to write to me to ask what food you should feed to your cat, understand that specific advice cannot be provided via email. Stones are also very common and can lead to a life-threatening urinary tract blockage. Putting a little thought into what you feed your cat(s) can pay big dividends over their lifetime and very possibly help them avoid serious, painful, and costly illnesses. Given how common hyperthyroidism is in the cat, soy has no business being in cat food. Clumping litter allows you to see just how much, if any, urine is being voided. There is no doubt that dry food is responsible for far more intestinal problems, and other diseases, than most veterinarians and cat owners realize. A look at the numbers should tell you all you need to know. These are also usually the same people who are advising general practitioners on all matters of nutrition. Feeding Your Cat: Know the Basics of Feline Nutrition. 035) and bacteria do not grow well in concentrated urine. You should aim for a diet that derives less than 10% of its calories from carbohydrates. Brewers rice, corn gluten meal, chicken by-product meal, pork fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric acid), chicken, chicken liver flavor, fish oil. Fat cells produce a substance that makes the other cells in the body resistant to insulin. There is nothing fresh about this source of food and it certainly does not come close to resembling a bird or a mouse. Well, feeding commercial pet foods might deliver the same result. With regard to overall kidney and bladder health, I cannot stress strongly enough how important water is in both the prevention and treatment of diseases involving this organ system. By-products are discussed in more detail on the Commercial Foods page in this. Put another way, a cat on a canned food diet consumes approximately double the amount of water consumed by a cat eating dry food when all sources (food and water bowl) are considered. If the veterinarian does not examine the urine right away and either sends it to an outside laboratory or uses a free-catch sample that the owner brought from home, an erroneous diagnosis of crystals may be made. He is 18 years old and still runs around like a kitten. Preservatives (chemical or natural) Additives and emulsifiers such as: anti caking and anti gelling agents, artificial colors and flavors, curing and drying agents, condiments, humectants, grinding agents, leavening agents, palatants, lubricants, pelleting agents, petroleum by products, pH controlling agents, stabilizers, spices, sweeteners, thickeners and texturizers. It is troubling to think about the role that chronic dehydration may play in causing or exacerbating feline kidney disease. Please do not allow that drug to be injected into your cat without reading my Convenia webpage first. Unfortunately, pet food labels are not held to the same standard as human food labels. Use covered trays to keep the water tasting and smelling fresh. Given this fact, and given what we know about how the cat processes carbohydrates, it is not a stretch to say that high carbohydrate diets could very well be a significant factor in causing diabetes in some cats. In fact, it has often been said, jokingly, that a cat with cystitis will often stop exhibiting clinical signs within seven days with antibiotics and in one week without antibiotics. ). Because plant proteins are cheaper than meat proteins, pet food companies will have a higher profit margin when using corn, wheat, soy, rice, etc. So why are we continuing to feed our carnivores like herbivores. Without knowing the actual amount of each ingredient, we have no indication of the impact of the ingredient on the nutritional profile of the food. Diet is not the only issue involved with cystitis but it is an important one and one that we can control. After recognizing this situation, you will see an obvious and very significant conflict of interest. Many of the often-prescribed feline lower urinary tract diets are formulated to make the urine acidic but it is thought that these low magnesium, acidifying diets may actually exacerbate painful cystitis. ) as its source of protein. However, the low carbohydrate level (3-5%) tells us that the amount of fruits and vegetables is very low.
These diets represent an area of the commercial cat food industry that is very misleading and, quite frankly, a source of embarrassment for this profession. Make your own tuna water by taking one can of tuna and mixing the contents into 3 cups of water. There are several situations that can lead to a diet being deficient in taurine but one of them is using a diet that relies heavily on plants (grains, etc. Instead of lowering their profit margin and going back to nature by adding more meat to the diets, the pet food companies simple started supplementing their diets with synthetic taurine. Diabetes and hyperthyroidism are also more common in cats over 10 years of age and both disease render the patient more prone to urinary tract infections. In other words, these diets contain no ingredient that actually requires a prescription. Chronic kidney disease is probably the leading cause of mortality in the cat. Non-clumping litters do not allow you to remove all of the urine and are not sanitary litters. This is one reason why it is so important to use a clumping (scoopable) litter. The first paragraph of that page is as follows. You would never see a wild cat chasing down a herd of biscuits running across the plains of Africa or dehydrating her mouse and topping it off with corn meal. Please also be aware that many veterinarians underestimate the favorable impact that a low carbohydrate diet has on the insulin needs of the patient and they do not lower the insulin dose enough. Antibiotics are NOT harmless drugs and they need to be used with more critical thought than is currently happening in both human and veterinary medicine. In addition to the issue of carbohydrates and how they affect the blood sugar level of some cats, dry food is very calorie dense, is very palatable, and is usually free-fed. This field of study is not emphasized in veterinary schools and the minimal course work that is required, is often taught by people who have strong ties to the pet food industry. Water intake of cats on dry vs canned food. Urine pH is also often considered when discussing urinary tract problems but we really need to stop focusing so heavily on pH. Proteins derived from animal tissues have a complete amino acid profile. This is why humans and dogs can live on a vegetarian diet but cats cannot. However, nothing could be further from the truth. Please keep in mind that a cat has a very low thirst drive and is designed to get water with their food. Learn How To Read a Pet Food Ingredient Label. Soy contains phytoestrogens and soy also negatively influences the thyroid gland. The extensive cooking required to remove most of the water from the food (70% moisture reduced to 5-10% moisture) significantly alters the biological value of the protein sources and damages other vital nutrients. Cystitis can be extremely painful and it is very important to address pain management in these cats. Then these already nutrient deficient foods are cooked twice, first in rendering, second in the extruder. A good example of the above issue is a food like canned Wellness. Please see this paper discussing the elevated blood glucose in cats after eating a high carbohydrate meal. I would have to be stranded on a desert island with no other food source before I would ever consider feeding these diets to any cat in my care. This is the kind of arrogance that has led to fatal errors in the past. People often overestimate what it takes to make a nutritious meal for their cat and assume that it means slaving away in the kitchen every day. However, when all of the grain fractions are added up, their contribution to the diet (including the protein content) often greatly outweighs the first ingredient. To get around this problem, your veterinarian can give the your cat a dose of subcutaneous (just under the skin) fluids. However, this perception of quality is undeserved and this incestuous relationship jeopardizes the integrity of our profession. I sincerely hope that these pictures of Opie make a huge impact on anyone who is still not convinced that dry food causes significant suffering in many cats. Regarding hydration, I must say that I find it truly amazing when I hear about the very large numbers of cats receiving subcutaneous fluids while being maintained on a diet of dry food. It is very important to understand that crystals will often form once outside of the body within a very short (30-60 minutes) period of time. However, understand that pet food companies can change their formulations at any point in time so if you desire the most up-to-date information, you will need to call the individual companies. This increases the chance of these crystals forming life-threatening stones. Many readers of this website have kindly donated their valuable time to translate this important information into various languages. Low moisture content In addition, the processed nature of the food makes it difficult for your dog to digest. The less expensive foods like Friskies, 9-Lives, and Fancy Feast are also fine to feed. Preservatives are important ingredients that we need to pay attention to. Please click on the links below to read more about optimal nutrition for cats. This is a very frustrating disease to deal with and one that the veterinary community does not have all the answers for. A diet of canned food will keep a proper amount of water flowing through the urinary tract system and help maintain its health. I can assure you, it is much easier than that. This label originally started out in the dry food market but it has now made its way to canned food labels. At first glance, this food may be dismissed as inappropriate for a carnivore because it contains several high carbohydrate ingredients in the form of fruits and vegetables, including potatoes which are very high in starch (carbohydrate). However, there is more variability when quality is being considered when compared to muscle meat. On the contrary, we have plenty of evidence to show that feeding water-depleted, high carbohydrate, plant-based diets to carnivores does not honor their carnivorous make-up but, instead, promotes disease in this species. Dry food only contains 5-10 percent water whereas canned foods contain. Commercial pet food is the epitome of toxic. Not all that long ago (1980s) cats were going blind and dying from heart problems due to this arrogance. Unfortunately, many veterinarians overlook pain medications as a very important part of the treatment of this common feline problem. Chicken By-Product Meal, Brewers Rice, Corn Gluten Meal, Whole Grain Corn, Pork Fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric acid), Powdered Cellulose, Dried Chicken, Chicken Liver Flavor. The three key negative issues associated with dry food are. An increasing number of nutrition-savvy veterinarians, including board-certified veterinary internists, are now strongly recommending the feeding of canned food instead of dry kibble. The reason that an older cat is more prone to urinary tract infections is because kidney disease is more common in this age group and so these cats will have a more dilute urine which is not as hostile to bacterial growth. The fox is definitely guarding the henhouse and the FDA shows no interest in remedying the situation. In cats over 10 years of age, infections are more common but that still does not mean that older cats with cystitis should automatically be put on antibiotics. The patient is then put into a cage without a litter box. If the insulin is not lowered accordingly, an overdose of insulin will occur which can be life-threatening. The base ingredients and composition mirror those of many dry foods found in pet stores and supermarkets. Taking it even one step further, there are many reports of cats with IBD that improved tremendously on a balanced homemade diet. Urine pH varies throughout the day and using one pH measurement from a single urine sample is very misleading and is not terribly helpful information. It is also thought that the highly concentrated urine may be very irritating to the bladder wall in some cats, predisposing them to painful cystitis. , listed on the label, it is a safe bet that the food is low in carbohydrates. Of course, in order to be on board with the preventative nutrition argument, a person has to understand the following facts. My questions about the quality and composition of their prescription diets are always met with dead silence. If someone wants to discuss the information contained on this site in more detail, an appointment for a phone consultation needs to be set up. IBD can also present with weight loss as the only clinical sign. If you do not want to read this entire webpage, please review this shortened version. Stress is also thought to play a very significant role in cystitis and even cats that are fed a 100 percent canned food diet may experience bouts of cystitis. With regard to the overall protein amounts contained in dry versus canned food, do not be confused by the listing of the protein percentages on the packaging. Careful monitoring is especially important when implementing a diet change. I would much rather see a cat eating an all-by-product canned food than any dry food. This dry food is 29% carbohydrates on a dry matter basis and is, of course, water-depleted. The higher priced canned foods that I referenced above, have a muscle meat listed as the first ingredient. Therefore, do not shy away from the more economical foods like Friskies or 9-Lives if you cannot afford the more expensive canned foods without by-products. Fats can easily become rancid, and bacteria will proliferate, in this type of environment. It is very important to remember that not all proteins are created equal. By-products are not necessarily low quality protein sources. Within a couple of hours (or less), the bladder is usually full enough to obtain a urine sample via cystocentesis. China has a history of tainted foods with heavy use of chemicals and additives. Cystitis is an extremely common and very painful problem in the cat. Most canned foods, when figured on a dry matter basis, have more protein than dry food. This includes Friskies, 9-Lives, Fancy Feast, etc. Couple this with the fact that cats do not have a very strong thirst drive when compared to other species, and you will understand why it is critical for them to ingest a water-rich diet. And remember, even if this was not the case, the percentage numbers do not tell the whole story. Brewers rice, corn gluten meal, pork fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric acid), chicken by-product meal. The protein in dry food, which is often heavily plant-based, is not equal in. Keep in mind that a large marketing budget does not equate with the manufacturing of high quality or healthy products. Try not to drive yourself nuts when picking out a canned cat food. Most cats under 10 years of age produce a very concentrated urine (USG greater than 1. This web page lays out some often-ignored principles of feline nutrition and explains why cats have a better chance at optimal health if they are fed canned food (or a balanced homemade diet) instead of dry kibble. While by-products can be very nutritious (and this really is the least of my concerns regarding these diets), they are cheaper than muscle meat so one would think that as much as these diets cost, the companies could use a more consistent source of high quality protein. More important, which foods will aid in recovery and which foods will exacerbate the condition further. This type of unhealthy diet is consumed under the assumption that humans know exactly what was destroyed or altered during processing and what needs to be added back and in what form and amount. Common Feline Health Problems and Their Ties to Diet. This makes it impossible to accurately evaluate the food in terms of composition. When reading this section, two words need to be firmly in your mind. Again, we would like to stay under 10% of calories coming from carbohydrates. , canned options. It means that cats lack specific metabolic (enzymatic) pathways and cannot utilize plant proteins as efficiently as animal proteins. This harsh process destroys what vitamins, minerals or enzymes the food originally had and is the reason manufacturers must fortify the food. This is NOT the diet that Mother Nature intended for your cat to eat. However, they can become a problem if Man continues to insist on feeding the cat a water-depleted diet. Many canned foods, on the other hand, contain approximately less than 10 percent carbohydrates. I strongly suggest that all caretakers of diabetic cats home-test to monitor blood glucose levels using a standard glucometer as a matter of routine. It was discovered in the late 1980s that cats are exquisitely sensitive to taurine deficiency and our cats were paying dearly for humans straying so far from nature in order to increase the profit margin of the pet food manufacturers. With regard to dry food and urinary tract health, aside from the lack of water in this type of diet, there is also a correlation between the consumption of a high carbohydrate diet and the formation of struvite crystals as shown by this study. In fact, the pet food industry and the FDA go as far as trying to sway public opinion that raw food is more dangerous than dry food.
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